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定冠词“the”的用法

定冠词“the”的用法

  定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。

  1)特指双方都明白的人或物:

  Take the medicine. 把药吃了。

  2)上文提到过的人或事:

  He bought a house. I've been to the house.

  他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。

  3)指世上独一物二的事物:

  the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth

  4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:

  the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。

  5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:

  Where do you live? I live on the second floor.

  你住在哪?我住在二层。

  That's the very thing I've been looking for.

  那正是我要找的东西。

  6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:

  They are the teachers of this school. (指全体教师)

  They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)

  7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:

  She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的手臂。

  8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:

  the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国

  the United States 美国

  9)用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。

  10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)

  11) 用在惯用语中:

  in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water, field, country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre

请问a,an,the三个冠词用法上有哪些区别?

  一、冠词概说

  冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词是名词的一种标志!

  1、定冠词the来源于this, that,用于特指和类指:

  The lion is roaring. (特指)

  The lion is the king of beasts. (类指)

  2、不定冠词a (an) 来源于数词one,有单一的含义,用于泛指:

  A tiger has escaped. (特指确定的一只老虎)

  He sent me a postcard. (表示一个)

  区分特指与泛指,对比下面的句子

  Take a seat. (泛指)

  Is the seat taken. (特指)

  A gentlemen is asking to see you. (泛指)

  Ask the gentlemen to come in. (特指)

  二、定冠词的基本用法

  1、the和个体名词的单数或复数连用,表示某个(些)特定的人或东西

  Show the guest(s) to his (their) room.

  Put the parcel(s) on the table.

  Did you go to the opening ceremony?

  凡属特指的名词都应加the, 对比以下两对句子:

  Pass me the salt. VS Pass me some salt.

  Here are the records I bought. VS I bought two records for you.

  2、第二次提到某样东西时加the

  He bought a TV and a video recorder, but he returned the video recorder.

  She bought a bicycle, but when she rode it one of the wheels came off.

  3、the 可以和一个单数名词一起用,表示一类人或东西

  The whale is in danger of becoming extinct.

  The aeroplane has made the world a small place.

  The small shopkeeper is finding life increasingly difficult.

  4、the 可以和某些名词连用表示整个民族或一家人

  The Chinese people are industrious and brave.

  The Thompsons arrived at 7 o'clock this evening.

  5、the 可以和某些形容词连用,表示一类人或某种品质

  In a week or two I'll be among the unemployed.

  Their aim was to discover the good, the beautiful and the true.

  6、the 还可以和表示世上独一无二的东西的名词一起用

  There is a rainbow in the sky.

  The sun lights and warms the earth.

  三、不定冠词的基本用法

  不定冠词主要用在可数名词前:

  1、不定冠词用在可数名词前表示”一个“(意思接近one)

  Rome was not built in a day.