prevent的用法和辨析

词汇精选：prevent的用法和辨析

　　一、详细释义：

　　v.

　　阻止，妨碍 [I,T]

　　例句：

　　This discrepancy will prevent me from obtaining a visa.

　　因为这一差错，我将得不到签证。

　　例句：

　　The police have been trying to prevent them carrying weapons.

　　警方一直都设法阻止他们携带武器。

　　预防，防止 [I,T]

　　例句：

　　The solution then is to prevent the country from becoming a net debtor in the first place.

　　解决这个问题，首先是要防止一个国家成为净债务国。

　　例句：

　　These methods prevent pregnancy.

　　这些方法能防止怀孕。

　　二、词义辨析：

　　block,bar,hinder,obstruct,prevent,hamper

　　这些动词均含有“阻止、阻塞”之意。 block语气强烈，指有效堵住了通道，使人或物无法通过。 bar含义与block很接近，指阻塞通道或禁止出入，但有对暗示不用障碍物的阻止或禁止。 hinder语气较轻，多指阻碍、拖延人或事，强调使进展速度缓慢下来。 obstruct正式用词，语气强，多指以干扰或设置障碍的方式阻碍交通，使不能自由畅通。 prevent含义广泛，指采取预防措施或设置障碍去阻止某人或某事。 hamper侧重因受到约束或阻碍而造成的行动困难。

　　三、参考例句：

　　These methods prevent pregnancy.

　　这些方法能防止怀孕。

　　These methods prevent pregnancy.

　　这些方法能防止怀孕。

　　This will prevent leaning back.

　　这将避免身体向后地倾斜。

　　The condom helps prevent pregnancy.

　　避孕套是避孕措施之一。

　　Vitamin C is supposed to prevent colds.

　　维他命C被认为能预防感冒。

　　They held their breath to prevent exposure.

　　他们屏住呼吸以防暴露。

　　Crop rotation helps prevent soil erosion.

　　农作物轮作有助于防止水土流失。

　　These rules are intended to prevent accidents.

　　这些规则旨在防止事故发生。

　　Atmospheric conditions often prevent observation of stars.

　　大气的情况常使人们无法观察星星。

　　Nobody can prevent our getting married.

　　谁也阻止不了我们结婚。

　　商务写作指南：prevent、prohibit和ban的用法

　　WRONG: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant is prevented to use the Premises.

　　错误用法：租约中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的时间界限。

　　RIGHT: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant is prevented from using the Premises.

　　正确用法：租约中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的时间界限。

　　WRONG: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent from sea contamination.

　　错误用法：船员应该接受关于如何防止海洋污染的培训。

　　RIGHT: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent sea contamination.

　　正确用法：船员应该接受关于如何防止海洋污染的培训。

　　Although the verb “prevent” takes the preposition “from”, it can also be used with no preposition. The rules are as follows:

　　尽管动词“prevent”可以带介词“from”，它也可以不用介词。规则如下：

　　“prevent” + something

　　“prevent”+某事

　　The soldiers prevented the evacuation.

　　例句：士兵们阻止撤离。

　　“prevent” somebody from + -ing

　　“prevent”某人做某事

　　The soldiers prevented the refugees from evacuating.

　　例句：士兵们阻止难民们撤离。

　　The word “prohibit” works in exactly the same way:

　　单词“prohibit”的用法和“prevent”基本一致：

　　“prohibit” + something

　　“prohibit”+某事

　　The school rules prohibit smoking.

　　例句：学校规定禁止吸烟。

　　“prohibit” somebody from + -ing

　　“prohibit”某人做某事

　　There are no specific provisions in the law that would prohibit an employer from summarily dismissing an employee due to his/her misconduct.

　　例句：法律中没有特定的条文禁止雇主在暑假期间因为员工的表现不佳而将其解雇。