高考英语的语法知识点
3.with.without.but for引导的含蓄虚拟条件从句with,without,but for可取代if引导含蓄虚拟条件从句。
例句:With your help,I could have made more achievements.
如果得到你的帮助,我一定会取得更多成就。
Without your support. I couldn’t have accomplished mytask SO smoothly.
没有你的支持我不可能如此顺利地完成任务。
But for the information.I couldn’t have made such agood plan.
要不是这个信息我不可能制定这么好的计划。
4.wish引导的表示过去主观愿望的宾语从句
wish引导宾语从句时如果表示过去的主观愿望,从句动词应用had done或could have done。
例句:I wish I had /could have watched that basketball matchyesterdayafternoon.
我希望我昨天下午看了那场篮球赛。
5.insist,suggest引导的宾语从句
insist,suggest接宾语从若表示建议应用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do,但如果insist表示 坚持认为,固执己见 ,suggest表示。表明、暗示 ,所在宾语从句应用陈述语气。
例句:Thedoctor insisted that the patient was seriously ill and(should)be 0Dcrated 0n at once. 医生坚持认为病人病得很严重,建议其立即做手术。
The dark cloud in the sky suggests that it is going torain,SO I suggest that you (should)get in all the crops.
天上的黑云表明天要下雨了,所以我建议你把所有的庄稼收上来。
七、不定式考点
1.不定式做目的状语
不定式可做目的状语,如果对其强调可将其提至句首,此时应注意人称一致。
为了及时赶到那里,她将自行车骑得很快。
误:T0 get there in time.her bike waS ridden fast.
正:To get there in time.she rode her bike fast.
2.不定式做结果状语
不定式可做结果状语,强调出乎意料的动作,此时前面可加onlyo
例句:I went to see her to find her absent.
我去看她结果发现她不在家。
She hurried to the station to be told the train had left.
她匆忙赶往火车站,结果被告知火车已经开走。
3.不定式的复杂形式
不定式除有一般式外,还有否定式not to do,进行式to bedoing、完成式to have done、被动式to be done、完成被动式tohave beendone等复杂形式。
例句;All the employees worked hard not to be fired.
为了不被解雇,所有的员工努力工作。Mary is said to have come back from abroad. 据说玛丽已经从国外回来。
This book is reported to have been translated into manyforeign languages.
据说这本书已经被译成多国文字。
I’m sure she is sure to be impatiently waiting for US.
我相信她一定在不耐烦地等待我们。
Nobody likes to be scolded in public.
没有人喜欢在公共场合受到别人的责备。
4.不定式独立主格结构
with+名词+不定式可构成独立主格结构做状语,表示未来的动作。
例句:Witha lot of work to do,I can’t help you at present.
因为有许多工作要做,我现在不能帮助你。
八、V—ing形式考点
1.V—ing形式做宾语
excuse. f0r. ,can’t help,suggest,include,insist on,keep on, consider, finish, practice, put off, postpone, delay,miss,avoid,give up,imagine,feel like,enjoy,risk,mind,appreciate,stand,escape等词后面只能接V—ing形式做宾语。remember 得曾做某事),forget(忘了曾做某事),mean(意谓着),try(尝试),regret (后悔),go on (继续做同一件事),stop(停止做某事),need(主语需要被..)等词表示括号内的含义时也应接v—ing形式做宾语。
例句:The hare was lucky enough to have avoided being caught.
这只野兔很幸运,错过了被捉住。
She can hardly stand being treated SO unfairly.她几乎忍受不了被如此不公平地对待。
— —Sorry.I took your English—Chinese dictionary bymistake.
— — — — By mistake? I think you meant tO do SO.
— — 对不起,我拿错了你的英汉字典。
— — 拿错了 我认为你是有意这么做的。
2.V—ing形式做定语
V—ing形式做定语可表示被修饰名词的的用途和性质,也可表示正在进行的动作。