动词的语态英语基础语法知识点

　　She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。

　　5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。例如：

　　(对) She likes to swim.

　　(错) To swim is liked by her.

　　5. 主动形式表示被动意义

　　1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：

　　The book sells well. 这本书销路好。

　　This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。

　　2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：

　　I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。

　　Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。

　　3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：

　　The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。

　　This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。

　　4)特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)等。例如：

　　Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。

　　6. 被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married等。例如：

　　He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。

　　注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：

　　He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。

　　He got married to a rich girl.

　　7.need/want/require/worth

　　当 need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时，表示的是被动意义。例如：

　　Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。

　　The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。

　　二、练习题：

　　1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner.

　　A. are not kept;will have to B. are not kept;have

　　C. do not keep;will have to D. do not keep;have to

　　2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.

　　A. developed B. have developed

　　C. are being developed D. will have been developed

　　3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off.--- Yes，it all depends on the weather.

　　A. I've been told B. I've told C. I'm told D. I told

　　4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.

　　A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed

　　5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.

　　A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut

　　6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.

　　A. has been designed B. had been designed

　　C. was designed D. would be designed

　　7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.

　　A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken

　　8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.

　　A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up

　　C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up

　　9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.

　　A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost

　　10. - Look! Everything here is under construction.- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?

　　A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building

　　11.--- Do you like the material? --- Yes, it ___ very soft.

　　A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt

　　12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese.

　　A. write B. to write C. to be written D. written

　　13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you.

　　A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. typed

　　14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.

　　A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out

　　15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.

　　A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out

　　16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.

　　A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to

　　17. --- What do you think of the book? ---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.

　　A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read

　　18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.

　　A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch