冠词语法知识归纳
主语补足语
它用在系动词后,是句子的一个基本成分。常用主-系-表结构。
1.. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?
-- Me. --我。 (me做主语补语= It's me.)
2.John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was her. (her做主语补语) 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。
宾语补足语
1.不定式(to do)
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
We made him copy the sentence.
He is made to copy the sentence.
I felt my hands tremble.
2.名词
At the meeting we elected him monitor.
I think your brother a clever boy.
3.形容词
What you said made Xiao Wang angry.
I found the classroom empty.
4.副词
Please call the students back at once.
He was seen to take his cap off.
5.现在分词
We hear him singing in the hall.
I found him lying in bed, sleeping.
6.过去分词
He saw his face reflected in the water.
I heard it spoken of in the next room.
主语补足语与宾语补足语的联系
1、主动语态中的宾语补足语,可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。
They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作为宾语补足语) 转化为被动语态 The boy was caught stealing. (stealing转化为主语补足语)
2、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。
(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.
(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.
句(1)中的含义不是我看见他,而是我看见他正在打篮球。playing basketball是宾语him的补足语。所以叫宾语补足语。
句(2)中的含义也不是他被看,而是别人看见他正在打篮球。这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语,故称作主语补足语。主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语。所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态,谓语动词是可以接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的及物动词。句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语。
看过英文语法的人还看了:
1.语法英语怎么说
2.语法英文
3.语法英语
4.英语语法句子结构大全
5.语法用英语怎么说
篇7:小升初英语知识:语法知识
小升初英语知识:语法知识
一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes
? 并列名词中,如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
? 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /
an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an