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初中英语语法总结

  large→larger→largest

  nice→nicer→nicest

  able→abler→ablest

  3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。

  big→bigger→biggest

  hot→hotter→hottest

  fat→fatter→fattest

  4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。

  easy→easier→easiest

  heavy→heavier→heaviest

  busy→busier→busiest

  happy→happier→happiest

  5. 其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

  beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful

  different→more different→most different

  easily→more easily→most easily

  6. 有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。

  good→better→best

  well→better→best

  bad→worse→worst

  ill→worse→worst

  old→older/elder→oldest/eldest

  many/much→more→most

  little→less→least

  far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

  接着,我们要学习形容词和副词原级的用法。

  1. 在“as…as”或“not as/so…as”结构中,形容词或副词要用原级(即原形)。

  This ruler is as long as that one.

  这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。

  Jim is not as/so tall as Tom.

  吉姆不如汤姆高。

  2. 在程度副词very, so, quite, too等后面的形容词或副词要用原级(即原形)。

  This box is too heavy.

  这个箱子太重了。

  She speaks English very well.

  她英语讲得很好。

  形容词和副词原级的用法比较简单,再接下来,我们一起来学习形容词和副词比较级的用法。

  1. 比较级句型结构

  ①“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

  Tom is taller than Kate.

  汤姆比凯特高。

  This room is three times bigger than that one.

  这个房间比那个大三倍。

  ②“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

  I got up earlier than my mother this morning.

  我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。

  He runs three times faster than his brother.

  他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

  ③“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语(表范围)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,即“甲最……”。

  The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

  =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。

  =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。

  =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。

  ④“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,即“甲最……”。

  Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.

  = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。

  ⑤“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。

  Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.

  看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。

  ⑥“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

  He is getting taller and taller.

  他变得越来越高了。

  The flowers are more and more beautiful.

  花儿越来越漂亮。